站長資訊網1> 基礎環境
簡易拓撲圖：
2> 部署Tomcat
[root@node01 ~]# ll -h ~ |egrep ‘jdk|tomcat’
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 9.3M May 4 17:40 apache-tomcat-8.5.41.tar.gz
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 183M Jul 15 2018 jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@node01 ~]# tar zxf jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@node01 ~]# mv jdk1.8.0_171 /usr/local/
[root@node01 ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/Java.sh
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_171 JAVA_BIN=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_171/bin JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_171/jre PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_171/bin:/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_171/jre/bin CLASSPATH=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_171/jre/lib:/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_171/lib:/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_171/jre/lib/charsets.jar
[root@node01 ~]# . /etc/profile.d/java.sh
[root@node01 ~]# java -version
[root@node01 ~]# tar zxf apache-tomcat-8.5.41.tar.gz
[root@node01 ~]# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.41 /opt/tomcat8
[root@node01 ~]# cd /opt/tomcat8/
[root@node01 ~]# > webapps/ROOT/index.jsp
[root@node01 ~]# vim webapps/ROOT/index.jsp
<html> <head> <title>web session test</title> </head> <body> <h1>10.100.1.121:8080</h1> <h2>session: <%=session.getId()%> </h2> </body> </html>
[root@node01 ~]# ./bin/startup.sh
node02和node03和node01的部署方法一致，注意index.jsp信息要區分開。
3> Nginx代理Tomcat
[root@node01 ~]# cd ~
[root@node01 ~]# yum install -y pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel
[root@node01 ~]# yum install -y nginx
[root@node01 ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl start nginx
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl enable nginx
[root@node01 ~]# /usr/sbin/nginx -s reload
訪問http://10.100.1.121的請求會按權重輪流分發至各tomcat，但sessionID會隨著頁面刷新而變動。
4> 安裝memcached
[root@node01 ~]# yum -y install libevent libevent-devel
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl start memcached
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl enable memcached
[root@node01 ~]# ps -ef|grep memcached
[root@node01 ~]# netstat -lnpt
5> 實現session共享
MSM(memcached session manager)，MSM是一款實現Tomcat會話保持的管理組件，支持粘性和無粘性的配置，并且支持Memcached會話故障轉移。
[root@node01 ~]# yum install -y git
[root@node01 ~]# git clone https://github.com/magro/memcached-session-manager.git
以下為我整理的jar包，下載拷貝到各tomcat下lib目錄，可為你省去很多麻煩。
參考：https://github.com/magro/memcached-session-manager/wiki/SetupAndConfiguration#decide-which-serialization-strategy-to-use
wget http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/memcached-session-manager/1.9.7/memcached-session-manager-1.9.7.jar wget http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/memcached-session-manager-tc8/1.9.7/memcached-session-manager-tc8-1.9.7.jar wget http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/net/spy/spymemcached/2.12.2/spymemcached-2.12.2.jar wget http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/esotericsoftware/kryo/4.0.0/kryo-4.0.0.jar wget http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/ow2/asm/asm/5.2/asm-5.2.jar wget http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/kryo-serializers/0.38/kryo-serializers-0.38.jar wget http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/esotericsoftware/minlog/1.3.0/minlog-1.3.0.jar wget http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/esotericsoftware/reflectasm/1.11.3/reflectasm-1.11.3.jar wget http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/objenesis/objenesis/2.4/objenesis-2.4.jar wget http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/msm-kryo-serializer/1.9.7/msm-kryo-serializer-1.9.7.jar
配置context.xml
[root@node01 ~]# cd /opt/tomcat8/conf/
[root@node01 ~]# cp context.xml context.xml.bk
[root@node01 ~]# vim context.xml
<Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager" memcachedNodes="n1:10.100.1.121:11211,n2:10.100.1.122:11211,n3:10.100.1.123:11211" lockingMode="auto" sticky="false" sessionBackupAsync="false" sessionBackupTimeout= "1000" copyCollectionsForSerialization="true" requestUriIgnorePattern=".*.(ico|png|gif|jpg|css|js)$" transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory" />
[root@node01 ~]# scp context.xml 10.100.1.122:/opt/tomcat8/conf/context.xml
[root@node01 ~]# scp context.xml 10.100.1.123:/opt/tomcat8/conf/context.xml
重啟tomcat服務后檢測效果，n3表示當前session保存在node03節點的mencached上，
停掉node03節點的memcached服務，刷新頁面，
[root@node03 tomcat8]# systemctl stop memcached
[root@node03 tomcat8]# ps -ef |grep memcached
root 7412 6754 0 19:46 pts/0 00:00:00 grep –color=auto memcached
刷新頁面，session會話轉移到n1這個memcached上了，但sessionID依然沒有改變，說明session已共享。關閉任一節點的tomcat服務，發現從nginx負載過來的請求未分發至關停的tomcat上，sessionID也不會變。
關閉任一節點的tomcat服務，發現從nginx負載過來的請求未分發至關停的tomcat上，sessionID也不會變。
查看catalina.out日志,
[root@node01 logs]# tailf catalina.out
至此，Nginx+Tomcat+Memcached實現負載均衡及session共享就實現了。
